A poltavai (mala perescsepinoi)ezüstedény-készlet jeleinek olvasata
This is an old question, which langage or
which languages have spoken the Bulgarians of Volga (stemming from Hun–Ogur
and Hungarian groups). The name Bulgarian is thought as a mixture and it is
supposed that the Bulgarians of Volga were speaking at least two languages :
ancient Bulgarian « Bulgarian–Turkish » and Hungarian languages. The
hypothetical ancient Bulgarian « Bulgarian–Turkish » languages have
essentially no residue, i.e. their existence cannot be proved, it is only
hypothetic. On the contrary, it is more and more accepted, that the Hungarian
tradition is right and the Huns did not speak Turkish, but Hungarian. The
discovery of Jozsef Szentpéteri has arrived just in time. He has found runes
signs on the silver table – service of Poltava (recently Mala Pereschepino)
attributed to Kovrat Bulgarian « kán » (Fig. 1). Its reading may help solving
the question of language.
Figure 1. A silver recipient having a sign
of Poltava (Mala Pereschepino)
When the empire Avar weakened, Kovrat has
founded in 635 the empire of Onogurs of Pontus, in which were also included the
Sabirs that remained on the steppe (the people of the smaller son of royal prince
Csaba). The country of Kovrat was also called Onoguria and the onogur can be
derived as « ten ogur » from Turkish languages, while it can be easily
understood from the Hungarian language (1).
After the death of Kovrat around 660, their
sons have separated from each other and the group of Sabir of Kuber has entered
the Carpathian – basin.
The possible tomb of Kovrat was discovered
in 1912 near Poltava. Joachim Werner has succeeded with the help of Werner
Seibt to read the inscription of the seal -
ring of the found spieces (XOBPATOY or XPOBATOY) the name of Kovrat.
Some persons are doubting this interpretation and they consider this treasure
as stemming from the early Kasars, because the inscription of the seal – ring
could lead to different solution. The age of the treasure is estimated in
commun accord at the second half of the VII. Century.
The signs of
the silver table – service of Poltava
József Szentpéteri relates the attitude without interest concerning the scripture he discovered on the silver vessels of the treasure of Poltava (Mala Pereschepino) preserved at Ermitage : « I observed subsequently, that my article reported in the book of the conference of 1985 did not contain the drawing of the end of illustrations demonstrating my finding concerning the signs of the scripture (probably due to « lack of place »). Summa summorum : with one exception, I did not meet a researcher in the special literature that could relate on the interesting group of signs, although since 1912 the number of articles, books and monographies could fill an entire library. That way this small but interesting fact remained unknown for the specialists. Only B. Marsak was the one, who from the treasure of Pereschepino in 1997 in Russian, and hence in the Bulgarian translation that appeared in 2006 in Sofia, only in one sentence – citing the analogy with the signs that appeared on the Avar cups of the Carpathian basin – he indirectly referred to the finding of this young archeolog, who was at the beginning of his carrier ( in addition he was a foreigner). More precisely, he referred to the article of Novosibirsk lacking however the text without drawing, citing the signs that were to demonstrate the finding. »
Due to the lack of interest the scriptures
of the silver table – service of Poltava (Pereschepino) could not be deciphered
by anyone up to now. Jozsef Szentpéteri writes only as a summary : « What could
be the meaning of these signs in the past, we could only hypothesize at present
» (2).
The mute attitude of the academic science is
understandable , because the alphabetic method (one sign for one sound) linked
to their preconception seemed to be hopeless even to try to decipher the signs.
Of course, what could mean a unique sign representing one sound on the back of
a vessel? Meantime it became obvious that the signs of the Sicules served as
words in the beginning (Varga/2017). This has opened an encouraging
perspective, because only one single word sign could lead to an understandable
reading, notwithstanding a ligature composed of 2 – 3 signs. For us these short
texts are very interesting, because they are composed of word signs easily
identifiable as Hungarian word signs (Fig. 2).
On the silver vessels of Poltava single
signs and ligatures can be seen (Fig. 2), I numbered them (only on the vessel
n° 4 there are several signs after each other). I left the numbering made by
Jozsef Szentpéteri from 1 to 8 on the vessels, although I used another
numbering within the vessels.
Figure 2. Signs ofthe silver vessels of
Poltava (Mala Pereschepino) discovered by József Szentpéteri (the first number
identifies the vessel), every sign of Poltava is identical to a sar « ur » (sir
in English) – the ancestor of the sign « zászlós s » (in English s with a flag)
– or to a ligature containing sar « ur ».
Figure 3. Relationship of the sar « ur »
word signs : a tree standing on a mountain representing God seen on a plaque of
purse of the age of Arpàd conqueror (left), together with the components of the
ligature : writing of Secules « s » (sar) – sir in English – and « sz » (szàr)
– trunck in English.
The ligature
sar « ur » can be decomposed in two closely related word signs « s »
(sar) and « sz » (szàr) (fig. 3). These two components can be found already in
the collection of signs of Mas d’Azil 15.000 years old. Following this the
sar/szàr word (identical to column of the world representing God) possesses two
signs, that were used either alone or together. The Hettits called the column
of world « tar » and from this sign of sounds changing the first « t » to « s » and « sz » could be derived
the form « sar » and « szàr ». A relative of « tar » is also among others the
Obi–ugor « Torem » and the radical of the Hungarian « Teremtő » (Creator).
Figure 4. The word sign sar « ur » of
Poltava and the representation of « s with flag » of the writing of Seklers :
identical with God, the drawing of the tree on a mountain from a horn of
Hortobàgy (following Sàndor Makoldi).
The individual
signs of the silver vessels of the treasure of Poltava
The individual signs are identical without exception to the rune « s » (sar « ur ») – sir – of the writing of Seklers. This is related to the costum of the neolithic found in many places, i.e. the ornement of the vessels and the inscriptions all evoke the « Teremtő » (Creator), « Teremtés » (Creation) and the Eden. The sar (in today’s Hungarion « ur » - sir) is the name of God, or his attribute, and writing this the goldsmith has satisfied to his duty demanded by the ancient religion : he warned those who were eating and drinking from this vessel, that what they take is the present of God. That ‘s why the Hungarian name « edény » (vessel) is similar to the name Eden, the place of the creation.
The ligatures
of the silver vessels of the treasure of Poltava
In the ligatures (assembling the signs) also this « s » (sar « ur » - sir) is filling the center rôle, the added 1 – 2 signs serve only as completing it.
Figure
5. The ligature of the vessel n° 3 : Ragyogo sàr (in today’s Hungarian Ragyogó úr) – Brilliant sir (above),
decomposition of the ligature into the signs ragyogo (brilliant) and sar « ur »
(sir) (in the middle from left to right), in the last line from left to right
the capital letter of Secule « R », ragyogó sign of the Scythian (following
Bence Fehér) and the letter « r » of the ancient Turkish of Orhon, and finally
the letter « s » of the Sekler writing.
The ligature of
the vessel n° 4 Sárlak (Úrlak) – House of sir
The ensemble of the signs (ligature) of the vessel n° 4, I decomposed it into three on Fig. 6. In this case the reading of the ensemble of the signs is Sár, sárlak (in today’s Hungarian: Úr, Úrlak) – sir, sir’s house. The ensemble sárlak « úrlak » is known in the family name Sárlaky (Sárlaki) – from Sárlak and in the name of place Sárlak (3).
This explanation of « Úrlak » is showing the
vessel as a symbolic stay of God, corresponding to the attitude of ancient
religion on several eurasian and american vessels, following which edény
(vessel) corresponds to Eden (the stay of the Creator) and the aliment and the
drink that one is taking is the present of God.
Figure 6. The ensemble of the signs of the
vessel n° 4 (above) and its decomposition into signs n° 41, 42 and 43 (in the
middle), and on the last line the corresponding parallels in the writing of
Seklers : « s with flag » (sar « ur ») and the « l » (lak – house) runes.
The ligature of
the vessel n° 6 Sàranya (Úranya) – Sir’s mother
This sign is identical to the form of the latin letter A. However, when on the other vessels there are understandable texts formed by runes, the latin letter representing only one sound not only should be ununderstandable, but would also come out from the line. Obviously we have to find a solution that is understandable and finds its place among the other readings. As it is also possible to read it as an ensemble of runes, I think this is also more probable (Fig. 7). The expression « uranya » seems to be unusual, although the today’s « úrnő » (lady) or « urasszony » (lady) is very similar (4).
Figure 7. The ligature Sáranya « Úranya » of
the vessel n° 6 (above), decomposition of the ligature into sar « ur » and anya
(mother) signs (second line), the East – european Hun sign sar and the sign
anya (mother) of the treasure of Mojgrad (third line) and in the last line the
runes of the Seklers « s » and « a ».
The
ligature Ragyogó jó sár (Ragyogó jó úr)
– Brilliant good sir - of the vessel n° 7
The ligature Jó úr (Good sir) giving the essential part of the sentence is obviously an old expression, to which the ragyogó (brilliant) sign was later added (representing the former sign of the small letter « r » of the Sekler writing). The sign of the jo (good) does not look like the Sekler « j », but better it is more similar to « i/i ». Because these sounds are very similar, the Avars did not distinguish them absolutely during the creation of the ligature.
Figure 8. The sentence Ragyogó jó sar (in the
today’s Hungarian Ragyogó jó úr) – Brilliant good sir – (above), the
decomposition of the sentence into signs jó, sar « úr » and ragyogo (good, sir
and brilliant) (second line from left to right), and the corresponding Sicule
runes : « i/i », « j/j », « s » and minuscule « r » (below).
The ligature
Lyukó sar (Lyukó úr) – Lyukó sir – of the vessel n°8
Figure 9a. The ligature Lyukó sar (in today’s Hungarian Lyukó úr) – Lyukó ( Hole) sir (above left), its Hun correspondence on the dish of Kismákfa (above right), below in the second line Lyukó (Hole) and sar « ur » (sir) hierogliphics of Poltava, in the third line the corresponding hierogliphics from the period of Árpád conqueror, and finally in the last column the letter « ly » and « s with flag » of the Sekler writing.
Figure 9b. The gold drinking cup of the Avar
Kunbábony with the ligature Lyukó Nap sar (in today’s Hungarian Lyukó Nap úr) –
Hole sun sir - , the relative of the ligature of the vessel n° 8 of Poltava).
Notes
(1) The « on » corresponds to negyven
(fourty), ötven (fifty), hatvan (sixty) et cetera, at the ends of the words,
meaning « tiz » (ten) (Csaba Varga A szàmjelek és szàmiràs története –
History of the numbers and the writing
of the numbers – from his book we know that « on » is the rest of our word
vonàs (line)). The ogur is Óg ur (Óg sir) ancestor easily understandable in
today’s Hungarian. Óg is the name of ancestor father of Herakles (her Ak), the ancestor father of the Scyths, possessing
his own sign in the hierogliph writing, from which came the letter « o/o » of
the Sekler writing. The nations stemming from Óg ur were called ogur. It is not
by chance that the Hungarian speaking Huns were considered onogur, and also
that until today we are called with this onogur name, i.e. Venger, Hungarian et
cetera. The name Magyar (stemming from Muageris Sabir prince) is also
containing the part of the name ager, that is a variant of ogur.
(2) I may add : we could expect a little more
than a hypothetic proposition, as there are academic institutes, the rôle of
which should be the research of the past and the past of the development of the
runes.
(3) This is an extinguished noble family of
the province of Zaránd, and István and Antal Sárlaky were proprietors in 1561 in the place of Sárlak.
A relative name
is the Kazar Sarkel, corresponding perhaps to the Hungarian Sàrhely.
(4) The rune « a » of the Sekler alphabet was composed of the column of the world and the triangle of the puberty and is related to the river of the Heaven, the Milky Way. Look on the Magyar hieroglif irás (The Hungarian hierogliph writing) p 107 the chapter on Anya (Mother).
Bibliography
Jozsef Szentpéteri, Ifjúkori feljegyzések az Ermitázs egy különleges kiállítási vitrinjéről. Mala Perescsepino, 1912 - az úgynevezett "poltavai kincs" tulajdonjelei (Notes of my youth on the shop - window of a special exposition of Ermitage. Mala Pereschepino 1912 – the special signs of the treasure of Poltava). Hadak útján XXIV. The XXIV. Conference of the young researchers of the people migrations, 4 – 6 November, 2014, 1st volume Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Bölcsészettudományi Kutatóközpont, Magyar Östörténet: Témacsoport Kiadványok 3.1, főszerkesztő Attila Türk.
Csaba Varga, A számjelek és a számírás története (The history of the numbers and the writing of the numbers), Frig Kiado, Budapest, 2012
Géza Varga, Magyar hieroglif írás (The Hungarian hierogliph
writing), Iràstörténeti Kutatointézet, Budapest, 2017
Géza Varga, Az Éden szó rokona-e az edény szavunknak? (Is the word Eden relative to our word edény "vessel"?)
Géza Varga, Hun és avar tartalom (Hun and Avar contents)
Géza Varga, Honfoglaló tartalom (Contents of the period of Arpàd conqueror)
Géza Varga, A Mala Perescsepinói kincs magyar szójelei (The Hungarian signs of the treasure of Mala Pereschepino)
Géza Varga, A Keszthely-kultúra öntvényének Ragyogó Nap úr mondata (The sentence Ragyogo Nap úr (Brilliant sun sir) in the orphevrery of Keszthely – culture)
Géza Varga, Csaba királyfi ezüstkorsója Ozora-Tótipusztáról egy hieroglifikus mondattal (Silver cup of prince Csaba of Ozora – Tótipuszta with a sentence written with hierogliphics)
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