The origins of Hunnish Runic Writing (23) Migrations of peoples

 

Migrations of peoples

 

The symbolic system of Annotation archaeological finds - which, in some cases, bear some relationship to Székely runes - prove that religious ideas were the same from the  beginning of time (from at least around 7000 BC) until the Christian Era. The characteristic symbolism appears in Attic, Hurrian, Sumerian cultures and in the similar ideas reflected by Scythian, Hunnish, Avar, Obi-Ugrian objects, Hungarian national symbols[1], and even American Indian symbols. The hieroglyphic, sometimes seemingly phonetic application of these symbols is the same in spite of thousands of years of difference in age and great geographical distance (Figs. 11, 12, 17, 32, 36). The relationship between these signs are facts that cannot be left out of consideration in the theories of the early history of mankind and the origin of writing.

According to an often published view, before the Neolithic Age (before the start of surplus-producing agriculture), conditions for the development of effective communications did not exist, therefore great nations, languages and writing influencing large areas could not develop either (cf. Róna-Tas/1996/32). Of course, this is only one of those linguistic theories for which there is no proof at all. Another - opposing - theory says that some linguistic elements, such as the stem of the onomatopoeic word murmur, can be traced back to the animal stage of mankind. It is more probable that the actual historical-economical conditions and level of development of peoples and geographical areas determined whether languages broke up into sublanguages, or several languages merged, or they lived side by side undisturbed. These processes could have alternated.

We do not intend to evaluate these theories, since we possess more reliable evidence than such armchair speculation. The relationship between Székely runes and American Indian and Mas d'Azil signs throw new light upon, and indicate an earlier period for, “conditions for the development of effective communications.” Until recently, even in the case of the great river cultures this age was considered to be around the 7th millennium BC. By now archaeological finds have made it clear that the first civilizations developed not along the valleys of great rivers, but among the surrounding mountains, thousands of years earlier.

Myths which are known all around the world and which list the deeds of the heroes of great cultures that emerged after the Flood (following the Ice Age) do not fit into the narrow time limit set by Róna-Tas András and other authors. The myths prove that significant cultural heritage linked various groups of mankind well before the imagined “conditions for the development of effective communications.” As early as 12000 BC that link could include at least a few myths, technological knowledge and the pentatonic scale (see note 66.) as well as the possession of words, and a symbolic sign system. These could constitute similar systems only if they had a common source of origin. This central source proves to be around Mount Ararat, the orderly Land created by God and represented by the rune “f.” Here we can find the equivalents of Hungarian words in the most ancient mythological and geographical names, and the variants of Székely runes in the earliest sign systems. From these we can conclude, that originally this area was the homeland of the Hungarians. Later sources from this area specifically refer to the Hungarians.[2]

A large amount of linguistic and religious data show that the Hungarians were one of the peoples who created and inherited the first state-like organizations[3] between the Mediterranean Sea and the Zagros. Groups of settlers repeatedly issued from this central region to the Aegean region, the Balkans, Egypt, Southern Mesopotamia, Northern Caucasus, Lake Aral, and India. These settlers could have possessed highly developed symbolic systems, pre-scripts, and real phonetic scripts.

 

Fig. 33 The occurrence of a variant of rune “nt/tn” (isten) on a painted egg from Hétfalu, representing the Milky Way

 

These migrations and the series of cultural effects are the basis of coincidences in the mythology, sign system and language (cf. Hungarian írás “writing” and Latin juris “law”), which can be detected between even fairly remote language families, and which often drive to despair those linguists who try to model the relations between languages by tree-structures.

The first metal objects in the Aegean region, the first traces of herds of domesticated horses in the Ukraine, and the first symbols that were similar to Székely runes in Alvao (Portugal) and China (Fig. 1) all appeared around 4000 BC. The names of the Ural and Lake Aral (cf. “úr-élõ,” “ár-élõ”) originate in the language of these early settlers, and this region seems to be identical to the mythical country of Harali “Harcos élõ” (fighting living) mentioned quite early by Sumerians, connected to the names of Hurrians[4], and perhaps identical to the later Khwarism, where Jima built Vara (in Hungarian: “város, vár” = city).

About 3800-3700 BC settlers from Mesopotamia and the region around Lake Urmia founded colonies in Southern Turkestan and elsewhere. It was neither the first nor the last migration of peoples from the South to the Steppe. The multiple effects of languages, the unification and separation of peoples had a role in the development of the Huns and their language. When we try to understand the results of the ethnic, linguistic and cultural processes which are hard to trace today, we have to rely on the references of ancient historians and on the connections between scattered relics of writing.

According to Chinese tradition, the Chinese acquired their first characters around 2800 or 2700 BC. Chinese historians several centuries before the birth of Christ claimed that the Huns (“wise rulers of old times”) introduced the Chinese to the achievements of civilization. Indeed, writing that have parallels to Székely runes, occur on archaeological finds from the Xia dynasty, which was related to the Huns (2000 - 1600 BC).[5] Around 1500 BC they had a writing system of 2500 signs.

The above mentioned South Turkestan civilizations became depopulated around 2000 BC. The migration of their inhabitants is related to the Afanasievo agricultural and metallurgical civilization around  Minusinsk, as well  as the Xia dynasty’s rise to power. Around 1800-1700 early Bronze Age cultures between the Volga and China merged and formed the unified Andronovo civilization, which included the Hungarians’ Hunnish ancestors.

The Hittite Empire, largely inhabited by Hattians and Hurrians, collapsed around 1200 BC under the onslaught of the sea peoples; the last Hittite kingdom was destroyed by Sargon II. in 717. The Scythians appeared on the steppe around that period. According to Mészáros Gyula they were the descendants of the Hattians, migrating to the North (Mészáros/1938). As they came from the same homeland near Mount Ararat as the predecessors of the Andronovo people, their sign system could have been similar. They also reached the Hurrian area of Khwarism where the Massagheta, “great Kheta” name refers to them (Tolstov/1986/83).

 

Fig. 34 Székely “b” (Bél, belsõ = inner) and “t” (tengely = axle) on one of the crowns of the Korean Silla Dynasty (5th-6th c.), which follows Steppe traditions

 

According to the anthropologist Tóth Tibor, the Hungarians' anthropological features developed about 1200-800 BC, as a result of the Scythians’ and Andronovo people’s mingling. The two related peoples left the same homeland in different times and different directions. Their partly dissimilar histories could have resulted in changes in body, in culture, and perhaps in writing. The Steppe’s tendency to unify seems to have reduced or abolished these differences.

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[1] That explains why the Holy Crown has such a religious respect in Hungary, which could have developed only in Hungary - the Hungarian Crown is the only existing crown that serves as a Neolithic world model and as a hieroglyphic constitution.

[2] Campbell (Campbell, John Francis of Islay; The Hittites) associates the name of the Maghars, mentioned in the hieroglyphic inscription in the temple of Karnak, who lived in the Empire of Thotmes III, but fought on the Hittites' side, and the name of the city Maghara in West Syria with the Hungarians (Forrai/1994/62). The earlier name of Cyprus, Makaria can also be linked to the name of the Hungarians.

[3] The first civilizations that can be labelled 'uniform' are the Hassune culture, about 6000 BC, and the Samarra and Tell Halaf cultures, which bbuilt irrigation systems, around 5600 BC. Around 5000 BC these show significant uniformity from the Mediterranean to the Zagros. We can suppose that this age was a time of language unification and the Eridu-Ubaid culture, which developed in Southern Mesopotamia, 5400-4500 (probably from the inhabitants of Samarra) could not be an exception (Götz/1994/1028). The later agglutinative languages (Hattic, Hurrian, Sumerian) of this area resemble this ancient language and have many connections with each other as well as with the Hungarian language.

[4] Even if the Hurrians were cannot be identified with the Hungarians, a part of their mythology, language, and sign system must have been inherited from the Hungarians’ ancestors. For example, their name means harcos "warrior" and is genetically connected to the Hungarian words úr "lord,” harcos "warrior" and árja "Arian.” According to most experts, the Hurrians' other name is Sabir. And according to Constantinus Porphyrogenitus, in the form of savartü asfalü, this is the old name for the Hungarians.

Kumarbi, the overthrown Hurrian god, created a demon from rock: "What name should I give to this boy?... he burst out of the body of a rock ... may he be Ullikumi ... let him go up to the sky ... and occupy it ... let him throw all gods out of Heaven and ... break them all." (Haas/1982/149-151.). The name of the rock-bodied boy means "Élõ kõ me(zõ)" (living rock field) in Hungarian.

The correspondences among the Khwarism word arna "drain,” Hittite arna "spring, source" (cf. Tolstov/ 1956/ 83.), Hungarian csatorna "drain" and Latin urna "water jar, pitcher" refer to the connections of these peoples.

[5] 7 of the 24 characters from Elitou are identical with a Székely character, and a further 3 have similar shape (Varga/19936155).

Contents

Preface to the English edition	7.
Preface	9.
History of the scientific views on the origins of Székely runic script	10.
Principles of deriving the origins of Székely script	26.
The development of writing	28.
The shapes of runes and the objects they represent	29.
The mythology, names, and sound values of runes	32.
Rituals and runic script	35.
Types and number of characters	37.
Order of characters	39.
Direction of reading and characters	48.
Syllabic signs	52.
The regular use of syllable and vowel signs	55.
The birth of letter scripts	58.
Comparing of writing systems	61.
The academic historical-geographical preconception	68.
The Turkish connection	70.
What the historical sources say	71.
Székely script of the Huns	73.
The age of the development of Székely character forms	79.
The age of unification of Székely character sets	82.
Hungarian vocabulary connected to writing	87.
Ligatures that survived millennia	92.
Migrations of peoples	97.
Summary	101.
Bibliography	109.

Varga Géza

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